chore: StoredCmd to support both owned and external arguments (#5010)

Before: StoredCmd always copied the backing buffer of the commands.
this of course sub-optimal if the bucking buffer exists during the life-time
of StoredCmd. This is exactly the case in `Service::DispatchManyCommands`.

This PR:
1. Adds support for both owned and non-owned arguments.
2. Improves the interfaces around StoredCmd and removes some code duplication.

Signed-off-by: Roman Gershman <roman@dragonflydb.io>

src/server/conn_context.cc

@@ -32,51 +32,62 @@ static void SendSubscriptionChangedResponse(string_view action, std::optional<st
   rb->SendLong(count);
 }
 
-StoredCmd::StoredCmd(const CommandId* cid, ArgSlice args, facade::ReplyMode mode)
+StoredCmd::StoredCmd(const CommandId* cid, bool own_args, ArgSlice args)
-    : cid_{cid}, buffer_{}, sizes_(args.size()), reply_mode_{mode} {
+    : cid_{cid}, args_{args}, reply_mode_{facade::ReplyMode::FULL} {
+  if (!own_args)
+    return;
+
+  auto& own_storage = args_.emplace<OwnStorage>(args.size());
   size_t total_size = 0;
   for (auto args : args) {
     total_size += args.size();
   }
-
+  own_storage.buffer.resize(total_size);
-  buffer_.resize(total_size);
+  char* next = own_storage.buffer.data();
-  char* next = buffer_.data();
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
     if (args[i].size() > 0)
       memcpy(next, args[i].data(), args[i].size());
     next += args[i].size();
-    sizes_[i] = args[i].size();
+    own_storage.sizes[i] = args[i].size();
   }
 }
 
 StoredCmd::StoredCmd(string&& buffer, const CommandId* cid, ArgSlice args, facade::ReplyMode mode)
-    : cid_{cid}, buffer_{std::move(buffer)}, sizes_(args.size()), reply_mode_{mode} {
+    : cid_{cid}, args_{OwnStorage{args.size()}}, reply_mode_{mode} {
+  OwnStorage& own_storage = std::get<OwnStorage>(args_);
+  own_storage.buffer = std::move(buffer);
+
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
     // Assume tightly packed list.
     DCHECK(i + 1 == args.size() || args[i].data() + args[i].size() == args[i + 1].data());
-    sizes_[i] = args[i].size();
+    own_storage.sizes[i] = args[i].size();
   }
 }
 
-void StoredCmd::Fill(absl::Span<std::string_view> args) {
+CmdArgList StoredCmd::ArgList(CmdArgVec* scratch) const {
-  DCHECK_GE(args.size(), sizes_.size());
+  return std::visit(
-
+      Overloaded{[&](const OwnStorage& s) {
                    unsigned offset = 0;
-  for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizes_.size(); i++) {
+                   scratch->resize(s.sizes.size());
-    args[i] = MutableSlice{buffer_.data() + offset, sizes_[i]};
+                   for (unsigned i = 0; i < s.sizes.size(); i++) {
-    offset += sizes_[i];
+                     (*scratch)[i] = string_view{s.buffer.data() + offset, s.sizes[i]};
+                     offset += s.sizes[i];
                    }
-}
+                   return CmdArgList{*scratch};
-
+                 },
-size_t StoredCmd::NumArgs() const {
+                 [&](const CmdArgList& s) { return s; }},
-  return sizes_.size();
+      args_);
 }
 
 std::string StoredCmd::FirstArg() const {
-  if (sizes_.size() == 0) {
+  if (NumArgs() == 0) {
     return {};
   }
-  return buffer_.substr(0, sizes_[0]);
+  return std::visit(Overloaded{[&](const OwnStorage& s) { return s.buffer.substr(0, s.sizes[0]); },
+                               [&](const ArgSlice& s) {
+                                 return std::string{s[0].data(), s[0].size()};
+                               }},
+                    args_);
 }
 
 facade::ReplyMode StoredCmd::ReplyMode() const {
@@ -91,9 +102,14 @@ template <typename C> size_t IsStoredInlined(const C& c) {
 }
 
 size_t StoredCmd::UsedMemory() const {
-  size_t buffer_size = IsStoredInlined(buffer_) ? 0 : buffer_.size();
+  return std::visit(Overloaded{[&](const OwnStorage& s) {
-  size_t sz_size = IsStoredInlined(sizes_) ? 0 : sizes_.size() * sizeof(uint32_t);
+                                 size_t buffer_size =
+                                     IsStoredInlined(s.buffer) ? 0 : s.buffer.capacity();
+                                 size_t sz_size = IsStoredInlined(s.sizes) ? 0 : s.sizes.memsize();
                                  return buffer_size + sz_size;
+                               },
+                               [&](const ArgSlice&) -> size_t { return 0U; }},
+                    args_);
 }
 
 const CommandId* StoredCmd::Cid() const {

src/server/conn_context.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <absl/container/flat_hash_set.h>
 
 #include "acl/acl_commands_def.h"
+#include "core/overloaded.h"
 #include "facade/acl_commands_def.h"
 #include "facade/conn_context.h"
 #include "facade/reply_capture.h"
@@ -27,25 +28,20 @@ struct FlowInfo;
 // Used for storing MULTI/EXEC commands.
 class StoredCmd {
  public:
-  StoredCmd(const CommandId* cid, ArgSlice args, facade::ReplyMode mode = facade::ReplyMode::FULL);
+  StoredCmd(const CommandId* cid, bool own_args, CmdArgList args);
 
   // Create on top of already filled tightly-packed buffer.
-  StoredCmd(std::string&& buffer, const CommandId* cid, ArgSlice args,
+  StoredCmd(std::string&& buffer, const CommandId* cid, CmdArgList args, facade::ReplyMode mode);
-            facade::ReplyMode mode = facade::ReplyMode::FULL);
 
-  size_t NumArgs() const;
+  size_t NumArgs() const {
-
+    return std::visit(Overloaded{//
-  size_t UsedMemory() const;
+                                 [](const OwnStorage& s) { return s.sizes.size(); },
-
+                                 [](const CmdArgList& s) { return s.size(); }},
-  // Fill the arg list with stored arguments, it should be at least of size NumArgs().
+                      args_);
-  // Between filling and invocation, cmd should NOT be moved.
-  void Fill(absl::Span<std::string_view> args);
-
-  void Fill(CmdArgVec* dest) {
-    dest->resize(sizes_.size());
-    Fill(absl::MakeSpan(*dest));
   }
 
+  size_t UsedMemory() const;
+  facade::CmdArgList ArgList(CmdArgVec* scratch) const;
   std::string FirstArg() const;
 
   const CommandId* Cid() const;
@@ -54,8 +50,14 @@ class StoredCmd {
 
  private:
   const CommandId* cid_;  // underlying command
-  std::string buffer_;                   // underlying buffer
+  struct OwnStorage {
-  absl::FixedArray<uint32_t, 4> sizes_;  // sizes of arg part
+    std::string buffer;                   // underlying buffer
+    absl::FixedArray<uint32_t, 4> sizes;  // sizes of arg part
+    explicit OwnStorage(size_t sz) : sizes(sz) {
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::variant<OwnStorage, CmdArgList> args_;  // args storage
   facade::ReplyMode reply_mode_;               // reply mode
 };
 

src/server/main_service.cc

@@ -634,9 +634,8 @@ Transaction::MultiMode DeduceExecMode(ExecScriptUse state,
       // We can only tell if eval is transactional based on they keycount
       if (absl::StartsWith(scmd.Cid()->name(), "EVAL")) {
         CmdArgVec arg_vec{};
-        StoredCmd cmd = scmd;
+        auto args = scmd.ArgList(&arg_vec);
-        cmd.Fill(&arg_vec);
+        auto keys = DetermineKeys(scmd.Cid(), args);
-        auto keys = DetermineKeys(scmd.Cid(), absl::MakeSpan(arg_vec));
         transactional |= (keys && keys.value().NumArgs() > 0);
       } else {
         transactional |= scmd.Cid()->IsTransactional();
@@ -1200,9 +1199,8 @@ void Service::DispatchCommand(ArgSlice args, SinkReplyBuilder* builder,
   bool is_trans_cmd = CO::IsTransKind(cid->name());
   if (dfly_cntx->conn_state.exec_info.IsCollecting() && !is_trans_cmd) {
     // TODO: protect against aggregating huge transactions.
-    StoredCmd stored_cmd{cid, args_no_cmd};
+    dfly_cntx->conn_state.exec_info.body.emplace_back(cid, true, args_no_cmd);
-    dfly_cntx->conn_state.exec_info.body.push_back(std::move(stored_cmd));
+    if (cid->IsWriteOnly()) {
-    if (stored_cmd.Cid()->IsWriteOnly()) {
       dfly_cntx->conn_state.exec_info.is_write = true;
     }
     return builder->SendSimpleString("QUEUED");
@@ -1412,11 +1410,14 @@ size_t Service::DispatchManyCommands(absl::Span<CmdArgList> args_list, SinkReply
   DCHECK(!dfly_cntx->conn_state.exec_info.IsRunning());
   DCHECK_EQ(builder->GetProtocol(), Protocol::REDIS);
 
+  auto* ss = dfly::ServerState::tlocal();
+  // Don't even start when paused. We can only continue if DispatchTracker is aware of us running.
+  if (ss->IsPaused())
+    return 0;
+
   vector<StoredCmd> stored_cmds;
   intrusive_ptr<Transaction> dist_trans;
-
   size_t dispatched = 0;
-  auto* ss = dfly::ServerState::tlocal();
 
   auto perform_squash = [&] {
     if (stored_cmds.empty())
@@ -1445,10 +1446,6 @@ size_t Service::DispatchManyCommands(absl::Span<CmdArgList> args_list, SinkReply
     stored_cmds.clear();
   };
 
-  // Don't even start when paused. We can only continue if DispatchTracker is aware of us running.
-  if (ss->IsPaused())
-    return 0;
-
   for (auto args : args_list) {
     string cmd = absl::AsciiStrToUpper(ArgS(args, 0));
     const auto [cid, tail_args] = registry_.FindExtended(cmd, args.subspan(1));
@@ -1468,7 +1465,7 @@ size_t Service::DispatchManyCommands(absl::Span<CmdArgList> args_list, SinkReply
 
     if (!is_multi && !is_eval && !is_blocking && cid != nullptr) {
       stored_cmds.reserve(args_list.size());
-      stored_cmds.emplace_back(cid, tail_args);
+      stored_cmds.emplace_back(cid, false /* do not deep-copy commands*/, tail_args);
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -2103,19 +2100,18 @@ bool IsWatchingOtherDbs(DbIndex db_indx, const ConnectionState::ExecInfo& exec_i
                      [db_indx](const auto& pair) { return pair.first != db_indx; });
 }
 
-template <typename F> void IterateAllKeys(ConnectionState::ExecInfo* exec_info, F&& f) {
+template <typename F> void IterateAllKeys(const ConnectionState::ExecInfo* exec_info, F&& f) {
   for (auto& [dbid, key] : exec_info->watched_keys)
     f(MutableSlice{key.data(), key.size()});
 
   CmdArgVec arg_vec{};
 
-  for (auto& scmd : exec_info->body) {
+  for (const auto& scmd : exec_info->body) {
     if (!scmd.Cid()->IsTransactional())
       continue;
 
-    scmd.Fill(&arg_vec);
+    auto args = scmd.ArgList(&arg_vec);
-
+    auto key_res = DetermineKeys(scmd.Cid(), args);
-    auto key_res = DetermineKeys(scmd.Cid(), absl::MakeSpan(arg_vec));
     if (!key_res.ok())
       continue;
 
@@ -2217,15 +2213,12 @@ void Service::Exec(CmdArgList args, const CommandContext& cmd_cntx) {
       MultiCommandSquasher::Execute(absl::MakeSpan(exec_info.body), rb, cntx, this, opts);
     } else {
       CmdArgVec arg_vec;
-      for (auto& scmd : exec_info.body) {
+      for (const auto& scmd : exec_info.body) {
         VLOG(2) << "TX CMD " << scmd.Cid()->name() << " " << scmd.NumArgs();
 
         cntx->SwitchTxCmd(scmd.Cid());
 
-        arg_vec.resize(scmd.NumArgs());
+        CmdArgList args = scmd.ArgList(&arg_vec);
-        scmd.Fill(&arg_vec);
-
-        CmdArgList args = absl::MakeSpan(arg_vec);
 
         if (scmd.Cid()->IsTransactional()) {
           OpStatus st = cmd_cntx.tx->InitByArgs(cntx->ns, cntx->conn_state.db_index, args);

src/server/multi_command_squasher.cc

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ MultiCommandSquasher::ShardExecInfo& MultiCommandSquasher::PrepareShardInfo(Shar
   return sinfo;
 }
 
-MultiCommandSquasher::SquashResult MultiCommandSquasher::TrySquash(StoredCmd* cmd) {
+MultiCommandSquasher::SquashResult MultiCommandSquasher::TrySquash(const StoredCmd* cmd) {
   DCHECK(cmd->Cid());
 
   if (!cmd->Cid()->IsTransactional() || (cmd->Cid()->opt_mask() & CO::BLOCKING) ||
@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ MultiCommandSquasher::SquashResult MultiCommandSquasher::TrySquash(StoredCmd* cm
     return SquashResult::NOT_SQUASHED;
   }
 
-  cmd->Fill(&tmp_keylist_);
+  auto args = cmd->ArgList(&tmp_keylist_);
-  auto args = absl::MakeSpan(tmp_keylist_);
   if (args.empty())
     return SquashResult::NOT_SQUASHED;
 
@@ -136,11 +135,10 @@ MultiCommandSquasher::SquashResult MultiCommandSquasher::TrySquash(StoredCmd* cm
   return need_flush ? SquashResult::SQUASHED_FULL : SquashResult::SQUASHED;
 }
 
-bool MultiCommandSquasher::ExecuteStandalone(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb, StoredCmd* cmd) {
+bool MultiCommandSquasher::ExecuteStandalone(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb, const StoredCmd* cmd) {
   DCHECK(order_.empty());  // check no squashed chain is interrupted
 
-  cmd->Fill(&tmp_keylist_);
+  auto args = cmd->ArgList(&tmp_keylist_);
-  auto args = absl::MakeSpan(tmp_keylist_);
 
   if (opts_.verify_commands) {
     if (auto err = service_->VerifyCommandState(cmd->Cid(), args, *cntx_); err) {
@@ -170,13 +168,11 @@ OpStatus MultiCommandSquasher::SquashedHopCb(EngineShard* es, RespVersion resp_v
   if (cntx_->conn()) {
     local_cntx.skip_acl_validation = cntx_->conn()->IsPrivileged();
   }
-  absl::InlinedVector<MutableSlice, 4> arg_vec;
 
-  for (auto* cmd : sinfo.cmds) {
+  CmdArgVec arg_vec;
-    arg_vec.resize(cmd->NumArgs());
-    auto args = absl::MakeSpan(arg_vec);
-    cmd->Fill(args);
 
+  for (const auto* cmd : sinfo.cmds) {
+    auto args = cmd->ArgList(&arg_vec);
     if (opts_.verify_commands) {
       // The shared context is used for state verification, the local one is only for replies
       if (auto err = service_->VerifyCommandState(cmd->Cid(), args, *cntx_); err) {

src/server/multi_command_squasher.h

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ class MultiCommandSquasher {
     unsigned max_squash_size = 32;  // How many commands to squash at once
   };
 
+  // Returns number of processed commands.
   static size_t Execute(absl::Span<StoredCmd> cmds, facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb,
                         ConnectionContext* cntx, Service* service, const Opts& opts) {
     return MultiCommandSquasher{cmds, cntx, service, opts}.Run(rb);
@@ -40,10 +41,10 @@ class MultiCommandSquasher {
  private:
   // Per-shard execution info.
   struct ShardExecInfo {
-    ShardExecInfo() : cmds{}, replies{}, local_tx{nullptr} {
+    ShardExecInfo() : local_tx{nullptr} {
     }
 
-    std::vector<StoredCmd*> cmds;  // accumulated commands
+    std::vector<const StoredCmd*> cmds;  // accumulated commands
     std::vector<facade::CapturingReplyBuilder::Payload> replies;
     unsigned reply_id = 0;
     boost::intrusive_ptr<Transaction> local_tx;  // stub-mode tx for use inside shard
@@ -51,7 +52,6 @@ class MultiCommandSquasher {
 
   enum class SquashResult { SQUASHED, SQUASHED_FULL, NOT_SQUASHED, ERROR };
 
- private:
   MultiCommandSquasher(absl::Span<StoredCmd> cmds, ConnectionContext* cntx, Service* Service,
                        const Opts& opts);
 
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ class MultiCommandSquasher {
   ShardExecInfo& PrepareShardInfo(ShardId sid);
 
   // Retrun squash flags
-  SquashResult TrySquash(StoredCmd* cmd);
+  SquashResult TrySquash(const StoredCmd* cmd);
 
   // Execute separate non-squashed cmd. Return false if aborting on error.
-  bool ExecuteStandalone(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb, StoredCmd* cmd);
+  bool ExecuteStandalone(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb, const StoredCmd* cmd);
 
   // Callback that runs on shards during squashed hop.
   facade::OpStatus SquashedHopCb(EngineShard* es, facade::RespVersion resp_v);
@@ -70,12 +70,11 @@ class MultiCommandSquasher {
   // Execute all currently squashed commands. Return false if aborting on error.
   bool ExecuteSquashed(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb);
 
-  // Run all commands until completion. Returns number of squashed commands.
+  // Run all commands until completion. Returns number of processed commands.
   size_t Run(facade::RedisReplyBuilder* rb);
 
   bool IsAtomic() const;
 
- private:
   absl::Span<StoredCmd> cmds_;  // Input range of stored commands
   ConnectionContext* cntx_;     // Underlying context
   Service* service_;